EARTH SCIENCE

Solar System Statistics

Following are some statistical data about the planets of our solar system.

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Mosaic of one hemisphere of Mercury
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Mercury

Mean distance from Sun:

Inclination of orbit to Earth's orbit:

Orbital eccentricity:

Sidereal orbital period:

Orbital velocity:

Mass:

Equatorial radius:

Average density:

Equatorial surface gravity:

Equatorial escape velocity:

Sidereal rotational period:

Best Venus view: Magellan Hemisphere view of Venus at 90 degrees P-45392 5/16/95
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Venus

Mean distance from Sun:

Inclination of orbit to Earth's orbit:

Orbital eccentricity:

Sidereal orbital period:

Orbital velocity:

Mass:

Equatorial radius:

Average density:

Equatorial surface gravity:

Equatorial escape velocity:

Sidereal rotational period:

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Earth

Mean distance from Sun:

Inclination of orbit to Earth's orbit:

Orbital eccentricity:

Sidereal orbital period:

Orbital velocity:

Mass:

Equatorial radius:

Average density:

Average surface gravity:

Equatorial escape velocity:

Sidereal rotational period:

For statistics on Earth’s Moon click here.

View of the Martian surface from Viking 1.
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Mars

Mean distance from Sun:

Inclination of orbit to Earth's orbit:

Orbital eccentricity:

Sidereal orbital period:

Orbital velocity:

Mass:

Equatorial radius:

Average density:

Average surface gravity:

Equatorial escape velocity:

Sidereal rotational period:

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Jupiter

Mean distance from Sun:

Inclination of orbit to Earth's orbit:

Orbital eccentricity:

Sidereal orbital period:

Orbital velocity:

Mass:

Equatorial radius:

Average density:

Average surface gravity:

Equatorial escape velocity:

Sidereal rotational period:

View from Voyager, false color image of Saturn. Photo source .

Saturn

Mean distance from Sun:

Inclination of orbit to Earth's orbit:

Orbital eccentricity:

Sidereal orbital period:

Orbital velocity:

Mass:

Equatorial radius:

Average density:

Average surface gravity:

Equatorial escape velocity:

Sidereal rotational period:

This picture of Uranus was compiled from images returned on January 17, 1986, by the narrow-angle camera of Voyager 2.
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Uranus

Mean distance from Sun:

Inclination of orbit to Earth's orbit:

Orbital eccentricity:

Sidereal orbital period:

Orbital velocity:

Mass:

Equatorial radius:

Average density:

Average surface gravity:

Equatorial escape velocity:

Sidereal rotational period:

False color image of Neptune taken by HST.
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Neptune

Mean distance from Sun:

Inclination of orbit to Earth's orbit:

Orbital eccentricity:

Sidereal orbital period:

Orbital velocity:

Mass:

Equatorial radius:

Average density:

Average surface gravity:

Equatorial escape velocity:

Sidereal rotational period:

Hubble portrait of the “Double Planet” Pluto and Charon.

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Pluto

Mean distance from Sun:

Inclination of orbit to Earth's orbit:

Orbital eccentricity:

Sidereal orbital period:

Orbital velocity:

Mass:

Equatorial radius:

Average density:

Average surface gravity:

Equatorial escape velocity:

Sidereal rotational period: